Research Interests

Michael Croft, Ph.D., and his team focus on a number of protein molecules that are members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, a group of proteins believed to play important roles in the ability of the immune system to guard the body against harmful microorganisms. The TNFR molecules studied by Dr. Croft and his laboratory are expressed on T lymphocytes and may be crucial for the effective development and function of these cells.

The two molecules that are being studied most extensively are named OX40 and 4-1BB. Data from the laboratory shows that signals from both molecules control the activities and long-term survival of T cells. Specifically, both molecules may be essential for inducing immunity.

The laboratory is investigating the roles of these molecules in several diseases, including asthma, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and cancer to determine if they could be potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Research is under way to determine whether inhibiting the activities of OX40 and 4-1BB can reduce the response of T lymphocytes.

Another line of research is investigating whether substances that can signal T cells through OX40 and 4-1BB can be used to increase natural immune responses. This is particularly important for diseases such as cancer, in which T cells do not function strongly against the growing tumor.